Printed circuit board

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Printed circuit boards. Application

Board (correct name is a printed circuit board) is a radio electronic component, which today is used almost everywhere, because there is no device which can work without it. There is a number of different boards in any tablet, computer, mobile phone or TV. Even your washing machine, refrigerator, boiler, and any modern home appliances are filled with printed circuit boards. This small, but extremely useful, detail appeared about a century ago, and marked a major breakthrough in the field of the electronic industry.

Historical overview

The first board or, more precisely, its prototype, was created by the German engineer Hanson Albert, who proposed (in 1902) to form a certain drawing on the board using copper foil, by stamping or cutting out. Then, this drawing (made manually, mostly) was glued to a paper dielectric. The paper was preliminarily coated with paraffin. The boards had been constantly improved by many famous scientists over the past century. So, Edison was asked to create a conductive “pattern” with adhesive powders (graphite, bronze).

18 years after the creation of the first payment, they began to be produced on an industrial scale by the standards of those years. To create the details, Bakelite, laminated cardboard, mezzanite, wooden plank were used. The process of creating: the substrate material was bored and the wires were made of fine brass were pushed in small holes, which in turn were fastened to the board by nuts and bolts. Such “ancient” boards were used in the first gramophones and radios.

Where did the name “printed circuit board” come from

The modern name, as well as the form, the boards received because of the use of some specifics in producing technology, similar to printing books in the printing industry. The name “printed circuit board” comes from the English language “printing plate”. This idea of using printing technology was proposed by the Austrian engineer Paul Eisler. The pre-war, war time (40-ies of the last century) gave impetus to the rapid development of the production of printed circuit boards, because the military needed a perfectly operating radio equipment, especially for aviation.

Types of boards

The printed circuit board is structurally as follows: an insulating base with applied electrical interconnects, the components are connected by soldering.

Single sided printed circuit boards.

As the name suggests, this is a plate with conductors placed on it only on one side.

Double-sided printed circuit boards.

This type of circuit board has the arrangement of conductors on both sides.

Multilateral PCB.

Beginning in 1961, the production of multilateral printed circuit boards began. There are boards consisting of 25 layers or more. Such modern RECs make it possible to create minuscule electronic devices that are in demand not only in radio electronics (for the population), but also in the aerospace industry and what is more important in the military sphere.

Getinax, fiberglass, ceramics are used for the production of modern printed circuit boards. The base is made of metal plates covered with a dielectric.

Many printed circuit boards are manufactured using a certain amount of precious metals, especially for military needs, as well as the boards, manufactured before the nineties of the 20th century.

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