Types of storage batteries

Somehow very unnoticeably the technique which works on accumulators became an essential part of the modern families’ life. We even do not think about how and with a help of what our mobile phones, laptops and cameras, construction tools and even toys functionate. Just imagine that all these would work on baby batteries! For example, one camera, released in the 90’s, “eat” up to 4 alkaline batteries per month. How could we live without accumulators?
The first accumulator had been invented about 150 years ago. And now, not only the household technique, but also security systems of huge establishments, hospitals (battery backup) military – industrial complex, cosmic branch and telecommunications are supplied with accumulators.
A rechargeable battery is a reusable source of current, the principle of work of which is to convert the energy (chemical to electrical through an oxidation-reduction reaction). The accumulator accumulates and gives energy. When it is discharged, it can be charged again.

Types of batteries

Nowadays, there are many types and sorts of batteries, which differ from each other in characteristics and material of manufacture. Each type differs from each other by area, conditions, intensity of application.

Lead-acid batteries

This type is the most popular, practically universal, rather inexpensive batteries, which have a large number of varieties, due to which they are used in various spheres. Application: backup power systems, autonomous power supply, solar power stations, communication systems, security, portable devices, toys.

Nickel-cadmium cell

The technology had been invented and patented by the Swedish scientist Valdemar Jungner in 1899. It is a durable and reliable type of rechargeable batteries, which are manufactured in a casing made of high-impact plastic. This housing protects against mechanical damages and vibrations. The model can be attended and unattended. Such batteries are used in aircraft construction (on-board battery), electric cars (traction battery), trams and trolley buses, as well as in construction tools (drills, screwdrivers).

Nickel-metal hydride cell

This type of battery has a higher capacity than the previous ones (by 20-25%). It has a “memory effect”, which helps to do recharging cycles three times less commonly. This is an environmentally friendly battery. It is applied in medicine (defibrillators), aircraft and rocket construction, autonomous energy supply systems, as well as in various radio equipment, including household, lighting (lanterns).

Lithium-ion cell

This type of battery is employed in many gadgets we use every day, such as laptops, cell phones, cameras and many others. It does not need any special care and has a high energy charge.

Lithium – pol cell

This type of accumulators is an improved version of the lithium-ion battery. Widely used in various digital and portable equipment, mobile phones, laptops, tablets. The power of the lithium-pol cell is used in radio-controlled models and in electric vehicles.

Nickel-zinc cell

This kind of battery is familiar to everyone, since it replaced the usual galvanic battery. It is used mainly in cameras.

Silver-zinc, silver-cadmium cell

Sufficiently expensive and strong batteries that are used in the military-industrial complex, in rocket engineering, in the space sphere, military communications and military technologies.